The euro shows both the promises and pitfalls of unified currency systems. Economic sovereignty remains a key barrier to global adoption. Digital innovations are changing traditional currency dynamics ...

Over history, the world has adopted the currency of the leading country for global payments. The USD is, arguably, the first global currency untethered from precious metals. Despite external ...

What was the world's reserve currency before the U.S. dollar? The British pound. Before that? The Dutch guilder. Before the Dutch? The Spanish real. Each transition followed a pattern. The Dutch ...

The overvalued dollar has benefits for Americans, but also costs. A true global currency might be the answer. America's international arrangements are too expensive for the country to sustain. These ...

Preface -- Introduction -- The gold standard -- Interwar instability -- The Bretton Woods system -- After Brenton Woods -- A brave new monetary world -- Conclusion -- Glossary -- References -- Index ...

Most international trade is priced in dollars, central banks hold large dollar reserves, and global investors treat US government debt as one of the safest assets in the world.

2026 will likely be the year when we will start to see serious flaws, with the pure fiat global monetary system exposed. The root cause is the need for accommodating central bank policies in the face ...