An established tool for the authentication and conservation of fine art paintings, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) typically requires the removal of small sample sections for analysis.

Multilayer materials of cultural heritage such as historical materials and artwork are analysed as cross-section samples using microscopy and FTIR microscopy. Most commonly, these samples are embedded ...

Paints and adhesives, despite being distinct substances serving different purposes, share a common feature: they both start as liquid-phase materials and transition into solid materials after a drying ...