Morphine treatment increases gastric acid secretion and IL-6–mediated delayed gastric emptying, which leads to accumulation of acid in the stomach, thereby resulting in gastric inflammation.

Although mild to moderate fatty liver tends to repair after liver damage, in severe fatty liver, inflammation occurs during the regenerating process after damage and further liver damage is induced.

Drawing diagrams with nodes and arrows is the common approach for representing how proteins and genes interact, and papers frequently include such informal node-and-arrow diagrams. Although such ...