Persistent gust disturbances and unsteady atmospheric dynamics remain a critical barrier to the stable and efficient flight of ornithopters. However, in nature, millions of avian species exhibit ...

Compared to electric actuators, hydraulic actuators can deliver greater driving forces within limited spaces due to their high-power density characteristics, making them widely used in ...

Academics have developed a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for PV systems that combines incremental conductance with fuzzy logic control. The inputs used are the sum of conductance and ...

The Takagi--Sugeno (T--S) fuzzy descriptor system offers a promising avenue for controlling non-linear systems but lacks optimal control strategies. Moreover, while robust control methods have been ...