The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...
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Machine learning enables real-time analysis of iron oxide thin film growth in reactive magnetron sputtering
Researchers at University of Tsukuba have developed a technology for real-time estimation of the valence state and growth rate of iron oxide thin films during their formation. This novel technology ...
In reactive sputtering process with an Ar + Oâ‚‚ gas mixture, the plasma emission observed near the cathode changes in appearance. When the oxygen content is high, the plasma exhibits a reddish-violet ...
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