The characteristic line of a security or portfolio relates its rate of return to that of a "market portfolio." Several investigators have suggested the desirability of obtaining such a line by ...

Spreadsheets provide important tools to business managers and owners. They can be used for inventory purposes or for calculating prices and other types of record-keeping. Spreadsheets have a number of ...

We consider a unified least absolute deviation estimator for stationary and nonstationary fractionally integrated autoregressive moving average models with conditional heteroscedasticity. Its ...